<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Breshears, D. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cobb, N. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rich, P. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Price, K. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allen, C. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balice, R. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romme, W. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kastens, J. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Floyd, M. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belnap, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anderson, J. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myers, O. B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meyer, C. W.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regional vegetation die-off in response to global-change-type drought</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change impacts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">disturbance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">impacts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juniperus monosperma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pinus edulis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">precipitation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil moisture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree mortality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">vegetation dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">woodland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">woodlands</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">42</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">102</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15144-15148</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Future drought is projected to occur under warmer temperature conditions as climate change progresses, referred to here as global-change-type drought, yet quantitative assessments of the triggers and potential extent of drought-induced vegetation die-off remain pivotal uncertainties in assessing climate-change impacts. Of particular concern is regional-scale mortality of overstory trees, which rapidly alters ecosystem type, associated ecosystem properties, and land surface conditions for decades. Here, we quantify regional-scale vegetation die-off across southwestern North American woodlands in 2002-2003 in response to drought and associated bark beetle infestations. At an intensively studied site within the region, we quantified that after 15 months of depleted soil water content, &gt;90% of the dominant, overstory tree species (Pinus edulis, a pinon) died. The die-off was reflected in changes in a remotely sensed index of vegetation greenness (Normalized Difference Vegetation index), not only at the intensively studied site but also across the region, extending over 12,000 km(2) or more; aerial and field surveys confirmed the general extent of the die-off. Notably, the recent drought was warmer than the previous subcontinental drought of the 1950s. The limited, available observations suggest that die-off from the recent drought was more extensive than that from the previous drought, extending into wetter sites within the tree species' distribution. Our results quantify a trigger leading to rapid, drought-induced die-off of overstory woody plants at subcontinental scale and highlight the potential for such die-off to be more severe and extensive for future global-change-type drought under warmer conditions.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>
